从社区到消费者
Firstly, it's important to figure out how to effectively measure your business's social and human capital, so that you can track how you are impacting communities, in order to improve and build on this over time.'The Social & Human Capital Protocol'is a universal free tool which helps businesses in any sector or geography to explore just that. It enables organisations to measure, value and integrate social and human impacts and dependencies into existing business processes such as risk mitigation, sourcing, supply chain management and product design.
超越公平贸易
买家和制造商如何才能增强其采购地区的社区韧性？毋庸置疑，提供公平贸易就业机会是一个重要的第一步。公平贸易（Fairtrade）是一种旨在帮助发展中国家生产者建立可持续且公平的贸易关系的机制。公平贸易运动既向出口商支付更高的价格，同时也提高了社会和环境标准。
A Fairtrade Premium is what makes products with the Fairtrade mark unique. It's an additional sum of money paid on top of the Fairtrade minimum price that farmers and workers invest in social, environmental and economic developmental projects to improve their businesses and their communities. For businesses who aren't registered with the Fairtrade Foundation, there are still opportunities to make similar impacts on their sourcing communities. Further reaching impacts can be approached by tackling big community problems like water resilience, building greater infrastructure for basic needs such as water and power sources, to smaller, more tangible impacts like free annual dental care and eye checks for workers and their families.
Divine Chocolate'is a great example of a brand who are going beyond Fairtrade to help empower the communities who grow their cocoa. Committed to doing things differently, Divine are the only chocolate company in the world which is co-owned by their farmers. The cocoa farming co-operative Kuapa Kokoo has a 40% representation on the Divine board team so they have an influence and say in how the company is run. As well as paying the Fairtrade premium and Fairtrade prices they also have a Producer Support and Development Fund which has supported many community projects such as a women's literacy fund.
支持教育公平
位于加德满都的昆贝什瓦尔技术学校（KTS）是一所教育和职业培训中心，致力于满足尼泊尔各地低收入家庭的需求。该校专攻采用天然纤维（如羊毛、棉、阿洛纤维（荨麻纤维）、手工纺制的香蕉纤维纱线和丝绸纱线）制作的手工针织或编织服装及家用纺织品。
KTS不仅在对数百名妇女进行编织和织布培训后，为她们提供了公平且能保障基本生活的就业机会，而且其产品的销售收入还用于资助一系列鼓舞人心的社会项目，例如为200名儿童提供的免费幼儿园和小学、一所收容20名儿童的孤儿院，以及每年为员工及其家属举办的免费健康义诊活动。此外，这些儿童还享有免费的校餐、文具和校服，以减轻家长在教育方面的经济负担。
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Vanishing Point Studio
像KTS这样的生产者组织，只有在发达国家买家的持续支持下才能继续存在。哥本哈根的Vanishing Point Studio就是这样的支持者之一——这是一家小型独立精品店，定期向KTS订购手工编织的毛衣、开襟衫和帽子，帮助KTS全年持续开展其出色的社区外展项目。
Danish home and craft brand'Sostrene Grene'are committed to various partnerships and initiatives intended to create value for the communities that they are a part of. These include donating a portion of profits to Plan International, which is supporting women and girls in East Africa to escape the cycle of poverty through education and opportunities.
The Body Shop'have been purchasing their main natural ingredients from around the world through a Community Fairtrade programme since 1986.'Get Paper Industry'(GPI) in Nepal are one of their suppliers who make handmade paper and packaging products. The Body Shop works with these suppliers to establish fair prices, long-term relationships and predictable levels of demand, which help the producer communities to secure livelihoods. They also pay a premium that is invested in local development projects to tackle poverty and vulnerability. GPI have invested theirs in programmes like an anti-sex trafficking campaign for young girls, a tree planting programme, and free primary scholarships for more than 200 girls.
为最需要工作的人提供就业机会
Social impact doesn't have to focus solely on developing countries, there are many social enterprises doing great things in the UK and Europe to support those on the edge of the employment market.'
面包与玫瑰
This amazing organisation is using floristry as a tool for social good by training refugee women in the craft. According to Bread & Roses, 'Women from refugee backgrounds face particular barriers to rebuilding their lives in the UK. They are less likely to have formal work experience than their male counterparts and often find it difficult to attend English classes due to childcare responsibilities. On top of this, many women rebuilding their lives in the UK are also coping with the trauma of having experienced sexual or gender-based violence.' They sell weekly flower subscriptions of beautiful bouquets in order to fund floristry training programmes which offer women a forum to be creative, build their confidence and learn a new skill.
ArtHouse Unlimited
这家英国慈善机构致力于展示那些患有复杂神经多样性障碍且需要身体支持的成年人的艺术才华。 艺术家们在指导老师的协助下创作艺术作品，这些作品随后被开发成设计产品进行销售。所有艺术作品均源于每位艺术家为该事业带来的独特技能，每一份贡献都具有真实的价值。该公司引以为豪的是，能够让艺术家们找到人生目标，这与他们的信念相契合——即感受到真正的尊重有助于改善健康、幸福感和整体福祉。他们致力于挑战社会刻板印象，并为神经多样性人群及面临身体困难的人士创造更广泛的接纳与包容环境。
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Fine Cell Work
This UK social enterprise and rehabilitation charity trains prisoners and ex-prisoners in high-quality needlework skills, and then supports and pays them to create beautiful handmade products, designed by world-renowned artists. Their post-release programme has supported over 70 'apprentices' since it began in 2017. These apprentices have a 2% reoffending rate (compared to a national average of 46%). Around 43% of the apprentices have subsequently secured employment (against a national average of 17%) and a further 8.5% have gone into further training or volunteering.
要点总结
- 衡量您的业务对社会和人类产生的影响
- Set out a code of conduct for your suppliers, you can base this on Amfori BSCI**. Sostrene Greene have a good'Code of Conduct'as an example of good practice.'
- Consider how you can provide employment to marginalised groups or those who find it difficult to find employment'
- 从印度和东南亚等发展中国家采购时，应寻找那些在社会公益项目方面表现尤为突出的生产者组织。
- When establishing relationships with these co-operatives and small suppliers, ensure you are regular and consistent in your order cycles to help them maintain predictable levels of demand. Sporadic large orders can be problematic, particularly for suppliers of handmade goods'
**什么是Amfori BSCI？ Amfori商业社会合规倡议（Amfori BSCI）致力于提升全球供应链的社会表现。Amfori BSCI拥有超过2,000家成员企业，并协助它们依据13项原则，对54,000家供应商的工作条件进行监督。这些原则禁止使用童工、腐败和歧视，同时推动改善工人的职业健康与安全以及环境保护。